A therapeutic diet for gastritis reduces discomfort and eliminates stomach pain caused by inflammation. Correctly selected menu improves the effectiveness of therapeutic measures and normalizes digestion. Special foods for gastritis of the stomach include Treatment Tables No. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. The choice of a particular menu depends on the acidity of the gastric juice and the duration of the disease.
Table number 1, 4, 5 is presented in several variations. In the number of the main diet, they are designated by letters and are used depending on the severity of symptoms, the period of the disease (acute, discoloration, chronic form).
Organizing the right diet for gastritis means completely overhauling your diet, eliminating foods that irritate the stomach lining. In the presence of this disease, the emphasis is on steam and boiled dishes. For any type of gastritis, it is forbidden to eat spicy, fried and fatty foods.
Healing diets for people with certain illnesses were developed in 1929 by scientists. The diet system includes 15 main tables with options and specifying fasting periods.
Food for gastritis of the stomach is organized taking into account the rules:
- optimum temperature of dishes;
- food intake should take place at the same time, meals should be divided, 5 to 6 times a day;
- overeating is not allowed;
- when choosing a diet, take into account concomitant diseases;
- alcohol, smoking is excluded;
- you must refuse smoked, pickled, spicy dishes;
- it is recommended to have dinner 2-3 hours before bedtime;
- it is necessary to chew food well;
- it is better not to snack on the go;
- drink liquid no earlier than 30 minutes after eating;
- boil food well.
This diet has a positive effect on the gastric mucosa and heals it. The menu for gastritis should be varied, include a sufficient amount of nutrients, vitamins and minerals. The patient does not need to starve.
List of medicines for gastritis
A therapeutic diet for patients with gastritis necessarily involves the use of enveloping foods, which restore damaged mucous cells. Foods rich in group B vitamins are welcome. By the way, in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract there is a deficiency of these vitamins. Useful Foods to Eat for All Forms of Chronic Gastritis:
- oatmeal - a source of fiber, antioxidants;
- vegetable oils - contain fatty acids, tocopherol;
- dairy products (if well tolerated, do not cause bloating);
- dairy products and fermented drinks - normalize intestinal function due to the high content of beneficial microorganisms that help maintain healthy immunity;
- ripe bananas - stimulate the production of protective mucus, are rich in B vitamins, magnesium;
- berries - better absorbed than fruits, with an increase in the production of secretory fluid, non-acidic varieties are chosen;
- white rice - has absorbent properties;
- potatoes - normalizes the metabolism, the juice of raw vegetables is used for medicinal purposes.
Correct drinking regimen will help relieve the disease in case of exacerbation and discomfort. The liquid improves intestinal motility and the functioning of the digestive tract, dilutes excess acid in the stomach. The volume of clean water without gas should be at least 1. 5 liters per day.
Features of nutrition with high acidity
The gastroenterologist prescribes a diet after ph-metry - a diagnostic procedure in which the level of acidity of the gastric contents is measured. It is usually performed during an endoscopy.
Symptoms of acid gastritis can include heartburn, rib pain, and between meals. When inflammation appears due to excessive production of secretory fluid, the menu in table number 1 is recommended.
To normalize the acidity (ph level), the patient is prescribed a strict diet. Any indulgence on the menu can cause discomfort and pain.
The list of authorized products that restore the mucous membrane and reduce the acidity of the stomach are as follows:
- liquid porridge;
- lean soups;
- side dishes - mashed potatoes, boiled vegetables, durum wheat pasta, well-boiled buckwheat, rice;
- lean meat and fish balls, meatballs;
- cheese;
- veal-based sausage;
- dairy products;
- sweet fruits, berries;
- stale bread, crackers;
- cheese casserole;
- jelly, soufflé;
- for dessert - honey, marshmallow, marmalade, pitted raisins, dry cookies.
The menu should include butter and vegetable oil. Main dishes of meat and fish during remission can be cooked in whole pieces. Vegetables are used only in boiled form.
Fresh onions and garlic irritate the inflamed mucous membrane, so they should not be eaten for gastritis. Boiled, these vegetables are allowed in small quantities.
Weak tea, rosehip decoction, milk jelly and dried fruit compote are considered the most useful drinks for people diagnosed with hyperacid gastritis.
What not to eat with gastritis
List of foods prohibited for gastritis:
- Salo;
- Dumplings;
- liver;
- mushrooms;
- margarine, spreads;
- Fast food;
- Rye bread;
- heavy cream;
- Coffee;
- Chocolate;
- spices;
- fresh fruit (except bananas, sweet apples, pears);
- radish;
- ice cream;
- confectionery;
- pastry shop;
- canned food;
- soft drinks;
- salty cheeses;
- lollipops;
- marinades.
With an exacerbation of the disease, you should limit the use of pasta, seafood, seeds and nuts. If, in addition to inflammation of the stomach, there is still a disease of the liver, gallbladder, eggs are used as a component of dishes. Eating them separately, in the form of an omelet, is undesirable for a combination of gastrointestinal diseases.
Foods Allowed for Hyperacid Gastritis
Treatment combined with a therapeutic diet excluding dishes that increase the production of secretory fluid in the stomach will help normalize the level of acidity.
Diet therapy significantly accelerates the healing process with superficial focal gastritis. In most cases, minor damage to the mucous membrane can be cured with the help of the medical menu and drugs within 10-14 days. With deep lesions, it is recommended to eat well for life.
List of foods that can be eaten for high acid gastritis:
- Flour products. It is allowed to eat bread from yesterday's wheat flour, persistent cookies.
- Cereals. The most beneficial for the stomach are rice, buckwheat, oatmeal.
- Vegetable puree. It is recommended to make salads from grated vegetables.
- Eggs. They must be well boiled. You should not eat eggs more than 3 times a week.
- Dairy products. They neutralize excess stomach acid.
- Cheese of hard and curd varieties.
- Lean meat. The most useful varieties for gastritis are turkey, rabbit.
- Light sea and river fish. Pollock, cod, pink salmon, flounder, hake, pike are suitable.
- Desserts. Allowed sweets include honey, jelly, marshmallow, marmalade and marshmallow. From cooking you can curd casserole.
- Still mineral water.
Features of the diet for hypoacid gastritis
In people with low acidity, the digestion process slows down due to a lack of enzymes. Symptoms of this disease are poor appetite, weight loss, pale skin, vitamin deficiency.
Coarse food causes exacerbation. People with a hypoacid form of gastritis are prohibited from using:
- peeled fruit;
- berries with seeds - raspberries, strawberries, gooseberries;
- pure milk.
The list of foods for gastritis with high acidity is about the same as that for the hyperacid form. There are also differences in the diet. With low acidity it is allowed to use:
- sour fruits, vegetables and berries (citrus fruits also belong to this group);
- salted cucumbers;
- tomatoes;
- Juice.
Particular attention is paid to the chopping of food. It is advisable to take food in a calm atmosphere, chew well. With low acidity, there may be intolerance to meat, milk, eggs. In this case, foods that cause discomfort are excluded from the diet so as not to provoke complications of gastritis.
To increase the level of acidity, they follow a diet based on increasing the production of gastric juice. In addition to the authorized products, the doctor often prescribes the taking of digestive enzymes.
Diet with exacerbation of the disease
The menu is made on the basis of table number 1a. The restrictions are observed for 5-7 days. When the symptoms disappear, the diet is gradually expanded. If acute gastritis is accompanied by vomiting, diarrhea, the body needs more fluid. Water helps restore the water-salt balance. If the active phase of the disease is accompanied by pain and constipation, Table 1b is recommended.
Approximate menu of diet table 1B:
- 1st breakfast: steamed omelet from 2 eggs, semolina milk porridge, milk.
- 2nd breakfast: milk.
- Lunch: mashed rice pudding soup, steamed meat soufflé with mashed potatoes, apple jelly.
- Afternoon snack: rosehip broth, crackers.
- Dinner: steam soufflé with cottage cheese, fruit jelly.
- At night: milk.
The diet for acute gastritis consists of liquid and ground meals that promote healing of the gastric mucosa:
- viscous soups with rice and oatmeal;
- steamed chops, minced meat soufflé;
- viscous slurry;
- jelly;
- light tea
Characteristics of table number 5
When gastritis is combined with cholecystitis, liver disease, the patient is advised to follow diet number 5. It is also prescribed for people with mild inflammation of the stomach. The diet restricts the use of foods rich in uric acid. The list of prohibited foods includes liver, yeast, canned fish, salmon, mushrooms, shrimp, and mussels. Consumption of egg yolk should be limited.
Sample menu for chronic gastritis
Recipes for dishes from gastritis include various foods with prolonged heat treatment. The easiest way to eat a special diet is to prepare a rough menu for the coming week in advance.
The daily rate of sugar is 20 g, bread - 250 g, butter - 20 g The menu is designed for 6 meals. Of these, 3 main ones are breakfast, lunch, dinner and 2 snacks. For afternoon tea, apples, pears, bananas, baked cookies are allowed. Drinks, rosehip infusion, compote are suitable. 2 hours before bedtime, drink a glass of milk or kefir.
Diet recipes
Most of the diet consists of liquid and chopped foods. Recipes of the listed dishes are suitable not only for adults, but also for children. Therapeutic diet for gastritis allows the use of baked goods made from unleavened dough. The ideal option is crackers.
You should eat regularly with gastritis, in small portions and avoid overeating.
For breakfast with gastritis, porridge is best. Cereals are well boiled and simmered under the lid for 10-15 minutes. Barley, barley and pea porridge are prohibited for gastritis. The dish must be viscous or liquid for them to have an enveloping effect.
Rice is poured into 400 ml of boiling water and cooked over low heat until the liquid is absorbed. Add 2 tablespoons of sugar, ½ teaspoon of salt to the porridge and slowly pour in 400 ml of milk. Rice is boiled for 15-20 minutes. Cover the dish and let stand 5 to 10 minutes. Before serving, you can add a piece of butter to the porridge.
Soup recipes
The first courses include vegetarian soups. Rich broths increase the production of secretory fluid, therefore it is prohibited for people with high gastric acidity and ulcerative gastritis. The best options for the first course are sticky rice soup and mashed vegetable soup.
To prepare the oatmeal soup you will need 0, 5 oatmeal, 600 ml of water, salt. Oatmeal is cooked for 10-15 minutes. Such a soup can be prepared with the addition of lleison - a mixture of milk and eggs. It is added at the end of cooking. Beat the egg and 200 ml of milk in a separate bowl. The finished soup is filtered through a sieve. After that, it is whipped with a whisk and again brought to a boil. Lezon is poured in a thin stream 5 minutes after the stove is switched off. In this case, the contents are constantly stirred to obtain a homogeneous mass.
Glutinous rice soup can be made with milk.
Ingredients:
- 55 g of cereals;
- 400 ml of milk;
- 150 ml of water;
- vegetable oil;
- salt;
- 2 teaspoons of sugar.
Rice is washed, boiled in water until half cooked. Then add the milk, sugar and salt. Before serving, season with vegetable oil, crackers.
Dietary meals for gastritis include vegetable broths. For example, cauliflower soup. To prepare the broth you need a little onion, carrots, 200 g of cabbage. Vegetables are boiled for 15-20 minutes, then chopped with a blender. Bring the mashed soup to a boil, add 10% cream and turn off the heat. Sprinkle herbs over the finished dish.
Meat soufflé
The second dishes are prepared from whole meat or minced meat. An alternative to steamed chops is meat soufflé. For cooking, take 300 g of beef. It can be replaced by a rabbit, chicken. It is better to refuse pork and lamb for gastritis. Fat varieties cause an exacerbation of chronic inflammation of the stomach.
The meat is boiled until tender and minced. In a separate bowl, beat 2 yolks and a tablespoon of sour cream. The ingredients are mixed until a homogeneous mass is obtained with the addition of warm water, salted to taste. It is not advisable to use the water in which the meat was cooked, since the diet for gastritis excludes rich broths.
The mixture is spread in a mold greased with butter. The remaining egg whites are beaten with a mixer until a firm foam is obtained and added to the total mass. The soufflé is baked at 180 ° until a light crust appears.
Meatballs
The fish, stripped of the bones, is passed through a meat grinder. Minced meat is combined with an egg, 1 tablespoon of flour, salt. Small balls are formed from the resulting mixture. Fill the nonstick skillet with ¼ part water. The formed meatballs are soaked in boiling water and simmered over low heat for 25-30 minutes.
Vegetable stew
Ingredients:
- cauliflower;
- Potato;
- onion;
- courgette;
- carrot;
- salt;
- olive oil.
A little water is poured into the onion and chopped carrots on a grater and stewed. After 10 minutes, add the rest of the diced vegetables. The stew is simmered until tender. Cooking time 20-30 minutes. Olive oil is added to the vegetable stew before serving.
desserts
To make rice pudding, you will need:
- 100 g of rice and cottage cheese;
- 1 glass of milk;
- 1 glass of water;
- Egg;
- 3 teaspoons of sugar;
- 4 tablespoons of 15% sour cream;
- a pinch of salt.
Groats are boiled in water with milk and salt, rubbed until smooth. Then add the rest of the ingredients except for the sour cream and mix well. The pudding is cooked in a greased pan in a double boiler. The finished dish is eaten with sour cream.
Fruit jelly can be made with jam, water and gelatin, according to the proportions indicated on the package. To prepare the dessert you will need 2 glasses of jam, 200 ml of water, 5 teaspoons of powder. Water with gelatin is placed in a water bath and heated to a liquid state, jam is added. The contents are carefully mixed and distributed in molds. The jelly is placed in the refrigerator for 2 hours to thicken.
Bakery
Butter dough should be excluded during the therapeutic diet for gastritis. Permitted bakery products may be permitted during the discount period no more than 1-2 times per week. Oatmeal casseroles, cookies and cookies will become a substitute for buns for stomach ailments. Lean, baked pancakes and cheesecakes are also allowed.
Hercules cookie:
- 200 g of crushed flakes;
- 200 g of berry puree;
- 40 g of dried apricots or raisins;
- Coconut flakes.
All the ingredients are mixed and shaped into flat balls. Bake on a baking sheet at 180 ° for 30 minutes. It is advisable to cover the form with parchment paper.
How to cook jelly
Fresh berries and jam are great for making jelly. For 1 liter of drink, you will need 1 tablespoon of starch and 100 g of jam. Bring the water to the boil with the jam, filter. Starch is dissolved in 100 ml of cold liquid and poured into the resulting syrup. Kissel should be boiled over medium heat. In addition, it must be constantly agitated. The fire is extinguished after the appearance of mosses on the surface of the jelly.
Beverages
For the compote you need a ready-made mixture of prunes, raisins and apples. Dried fruits are poured into the pan after the water boils. The cooking time is 15 to 20 minutes. You can make compote from apples, non-acidic berries.
Using healthy diet recipes, you can not only cure an upset stomach, but also lose several kilograms weight without harm to health.
The time to follow a therapeutic diet for gastritis will depend on the severity of the symptoms and the degree of inflammation. As a rule, it is recommended by the attending physician. The menu of diet tables is used to treat and prevent exacerbations of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Proper nutrition will help to eliminate unpleasant symptoms, pain and discomfort in the stomach.